Coriander: Properties and Uses
Coriander is an annual herbaceous plant of the Apiaceae family, cultivated for its aromatic leaves and seeds. Its scientific name is Coriandrum sativum, also known as coriander, culantro, or Chinese parsley. Cilantro originates from the Middle East and has spread worldwide due to its culinary and medicinal uses. Coriander has digestive, carminative, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties.
Consumption and Benefits:
Coriander can be consumed fresh or dried, both the leaves and the seeds. The leaves have a fresh and slightly citrusy flavor, while the seeds have a sweet and spicy aroma. Coriander is used to season soups, stews, salads, sauces, rice, meats, fish, and seafood. Coriander is an essential ingredient in Mexican, Indian, Thai, Vietnamese, and Moroccan cuisine.
Types and Varieties of Coriander
There are different types and varieties of Coriander according to their origin, shape, and size.
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Moroccan Coriander: It is the most common and has spherical seeds of 3-5 millimeters in diameter. The seeds are fragile and can be easily ground. It is used to prepare ras el hanout, a typical Moroccan spice blend.
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Indian Coriander: It has smaller and elongated seeds than Moroccan cilantro. The seeds are harder and require more grinding time. It is used to prepare garam masala, a typical Indian spice blend.
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Chinese Coriander: It has larger and wider leaves than common cilantro. The leaves have a more intense and spicy flavor. It is used to flavor soups, noodles, and stir-fried dishes.
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Japanese Coriander: It has smaller and thinner leaves than common cilantro. The leaves have a milder and sweeter flavor. It is used to decorate sushi, sashimi, and other Japanese dishes.
Storage Methods:
Coriander can be preserved in different ways depending on its condition:
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Fresh: It can be stored in the refrigerator wrapped in damp paper towels or in a container with water. It can also be frozen chopped or whole in airtight bags.
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Dried: The leaves or seeds can be dried in the sun or oven. Then they are stored in glass or metal jars with airtight seals.
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Ground: The seeds can be ground in a coffee or spice grinder. Then they are stored in glass or metal jars with airtight seals.