Common Basil (Ocimum basilicum): Common basil, also known as sweet basil or Genovese basil, is the most common variety and is widely used in Italian cuisine. It has bright green leaves, is smaller than purple basil, and has a sweet and slightly spicy flavor.
Purple Basil (Ocimum basilicum 'Purpurascens'): Purple basil is a variety of basil with dark purple leaves and stems. Although it has a similar flavor to common basil, it can be slightly sweeter and have a slightly spicier note. It is primarily used for ornamental purposes and in some specific recipes where color can be a focal point.
Thai Basil (Ocimum basilicum 'Thai'): Thai basil, also known as lemon basil or holy basil, is a variety of basil that is very different in flavor and appearance from the other two. It has larger, light green leaves and a citrusy flavor and aroma, similar to lemon. It is used in Thai, Vietnamese, and Indian cuisine to add a unique and refreshing flavor to dishes. It is known for its lemony aroma and spicy, slightly anise-like flavor.
Each type of basil has its own distinctive characteristics in terms of flavor, aroma, appearance, and uses in cooking. It depends on the recipe and personal preferences when choosing which one to use.
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